On the morning of April 5th, 2024, residents in parts of New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland were startled by an unexpected event—a magnitude 4.8 earthquake that struck at approximately 10:23 am. While uncommon in the region, this seismic activity serves as a reminder of the Earth’s dynamic nature and the importance of being prepared for such events.
What Causes an Earthquake?
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust, resulting in seismic waves that shake the ground. This energy release is often the result of tectonic forces, such as the movement of the Earth’s plates. When these plates grind against each other or one plate is forced beneath another in a process called subduction, stress builds up until it is released in the form of an earthquake.
Aftershocks: What to Expect
Following a mainshock, smaller earthquakes known as aftershocks can occur. These aftershocks are caused by the adjustment of the Earth’s crust to the initial release of stress during the mainshock. While most aftershocks are smaller than the main earthquake, they can still cause damage and should be taken seriously.
Safety Measures During and After an Earthquake
During an earthquake, it’s important to remember the following safety measures:
- Drop, Cover, and Hold On: If you are indoors, drop to the ground, take cover under a sturdy piece of furniture, and hold on until the shaking stops. If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees, and power lines.
- Stay Indoors: If you are indoors, stay there until the shaking stops and it is safe to exit. Most injuries during earthquakes occur when people try to move around or exit buildings during the shaking.
- Check for Hazards: After the shaking stops, check for hazards such as gas leaks, electrical damage, or structural damage. If you smell gas or suspect a leak, evacuate the building immediately and call emergency services.
- Be Prepared: Have an emergency kit with essential supplies such as water, food, medications, and a flashlight in case of power outages. Familiarize yourself with emergency procedures and evacuation routes in your area.
Conclusion
While earthquakes are rare in the northeastern United States, they can occur and it’s important to be prepared. Understanding the causes of earthquakes, knowing what to expect during aftershocks, and following safety measures can help mitigate risks and ensure your safety during seismic events.
